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Date: Thu, 29 Apr 93 05:07:39
From: Space Digest maintainer <digests@isu.isunet.edu>
Reply-To: Space-request@isu.isunet.edu
Subject: Space Digest V16 #498
To: Space Digest Readers
Precedence: bulk
Space Digest Thu, 29 Apr 93 Volume 16 : Issue 498
Today's Topics:
$1bil space race ideas/moon base on the cheap.
Comet Launch Date
Gamma Ray Bursters. WHere are they.
HST Servicing Mission Scheduled for 11 Days
I want that Billion (2 msgs)
Level 5?
Lindbergh and the moon (was:Why not give $1G)
Space Calendar - 04/27/93
temperature of the dark sky (2 msgs)
Two-Line Orbital Element Set: Space Shuttle
Vandalizing the sky. (4 msgs)
What counntries do space surveillance?
Words from the Chairman of Boeing on SSTO type stuff
Welcome to the Space Digest!! Please send your messages to
"space@isu.isunet.edu", and (un)subscription requests of the form
"Subscribe Space <your name>" to one of these addresses: listserv@uga
(BITNET), rice::boyle (SPAN/NSInet), utadnx::utspan::rice::boyle
(THENET), or space-REQUEST@isu.isunet.edu (Internet).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 27 Apr 93 11:30:50
From: David.Anderman@ofa123.fidonet.org
Subject: $1bil space race ideas/moon base on the cheap.
Newsgroups: sci.space
Although the $1 billion scheme is a fantasy (it's an old canard in the space
business called "trolling for billionaires"), there is a good chance that a
much smaller program ($65 million) will pass the 103rd Congress. This is the
Back to the Moon bill, put together by the people who passed the Launch
Services Purchase Act. The bill would incent private companies to develop
lunar orbiters, with vendors selected on the basis of competitive bidding.
There is an aggregate cap on the bids of $65 million.
Having a single rich individual paying billions for lunar missions is probably
worse than having the government bankroll a $65 million program, as the Delta
Clipper program has shown (DC-X was funded by SDIO at $59 million). We have a
clear chance of making a lunar mission happen in this decade - as opposed to
simply wishing for our dreams to come true. Please support the Back to the
Moon bill.
For more information, please send E-mail with your U.S. postal service
address.
--- Maximus 2.01wb
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 1993 20:10:06 GMT
From: robert ostroff <rostroff@watson.princeton.edu>
Subject: Comet Launch Date
Newsgroups: sci.space
Hello out there,
If your familiar with the COMET program then this concerns you.
COMET is scheduled to be launched from Wallops Island sometime in June.
Does anyone know if an official launch date has been set?
Thanks,
Rob
------------------------------
Date: 27 Apr 93 12:14:43
From: Steinn Sigurdsson <steinly@topaz.ucsc.edu>
Subject: Gamma Ray Bursters. WHere are they.
Newsgroups: sci.astro,sci.space
In article <1993Apr27.132255.12653@tpl68k0.tplrd.tpl.oz.au> keithh@tplrd.tpl.oz.au (Keith Harwood) writes:
In article <1rbl0eINNip4@gap.caltech.edu>, palmer@cco.caltech.edu (David M. Palmer) writes:
> prb@access.digex.com (Pat) writes:
> > What evidence indicates that Gamma Ray bursters are very far away?
> >Given the enormous power, i was just wondering, what if they are
> >quantum black holes or something like that fairly close by?
> >Why would they have to be at galactic ranges?
. . . David gives good explaination of the deductions from the isotropic,
'edged' distribution, to whit, they are either part of the Universe or
part of the Oort cloud.
Why couldn't they be Earth centred, with the edge occuring at the edge
of the gravisphere? I know there isn't any mechanism for them, but there
isn't a mechanism for the others either.
What on Earth is the "gravisphere"?
Anyway, before it's decay the Pioneer Venus Orbiter
had a gamma ray detector, as does Ulysses, they
detect the brightest bursts that the Earth orbit detectors
do, so the bursts are at least at Oort cloud distances.
In principle four detectors spaced out by a few AU would
see parallax if the bursts are of solar system origin.
_The_ problem with Oort cloud sources is that absolutely
no plausible mechanism has been proposed. It would have
to involve new physics as far as I can tell. Closest to
"conventional" Oort sources is a model of B-field pinching
by comets, it's got too many holes in it to count, but at
least it was a good try...
* Steinn Sigurdsson Lick Observatory *
* steinly@lick.ucsc.edu "standard disclaimer" *
* The laws of gravity are very,very strict *
* And you're just bending them for your own benefit - B.B. 1988*
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 1993 21:02:40 GMT
From: "Luciana C. Messina" <lcm@spl1.spl.loral.com>
Subject: HST Servicing Mission Scheduled for 11 Days
Newsgroups: sci.space
Another factor against bringing the HST back to Earth is risk of contamination.
Luciana C. Messina
lcm@spl1.spl.loral.com
------------------------------
Date: 27 Apr 1993 22:12:54 GMT
From: Doug Mohney <sysmgr@king.eng.umd.edu>
Subject: I want that Billion
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <C63vvG.4J9@zoo.toronto.edu>, henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes:
>Only if he doesn't spend more than a billion dollars doing it, since the
>prize is not going to be scaled up to match the level of effort. You can
>spend a billion pretty quickly buying Titan launches.
Fine. I'll buy from George. GEORGEEE!!!!
That assumes I can't weasel out a cooperative venture of some sort (cut me a
break on the launcher, I'll cut you in on the proceeds if it works). Only the
government pays higher-than-list price.
>What's more, if you buy Titans, the prize money is your entire return on
>investment. If you develop a new launch system, it has other uses, and
>the prize is just the icing on the cake.
Unless you're Martin Marietta, since (as I recall) they bought out the GD line
of aerospace products.
If MM/GD does it as an in-house project, their costs would look much better
than buying at "list price." Does anyone REALLY know the profit margins built
in to the Titan? C'mon. Allen is telling us how cheap we can get improved this
or that...
>I doubt very much that a billion-dollar prize is going to show enough
>return to justify the investment if you are constrained to use current
>US launchers.
Oh please. How much of a profit do you want? Pulling $100-150 million after
all is said and done wouldn't be too shabby. Not to mention the other goodies
I'll collect in:
a) Movie & TV rights (say $100-150 million conservatively)
b) Advertising ("Look Mommie, they're drinking Coke!")
c) Intangibles (Name recognization, experience & data
acculumated)
>You're going to *have* to invest your front money in building a new launch
>system rather than pissing it away on existing ones. Being there first is
>of no importance if you go bankrupt doing it.
If you want lean, fine. A $500 million prize would be more than adequate for a
prize.
Maybe Wales would be kind enough to define what a company would consider
a decent profit.
If you want R&D done, you'll have to write in R&D clauses. I suppose you could
make it a SBIR set-aside :)
Software engineering? That's like military intelligence, isn't it?
-- > SYSMGR@CADLAB.ENG.UMD.EDU < --
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 28 Apr 1993 00:25:15 GMT
From: Henry Spencer <henry@zoo.toronto.edu>
Subject: I want that Billion
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <1rkb56INN9hs@mojo.eng.umd.edu> sysmgr@king.eng.umd.edu writes:
>>What's more, if you buy Titans, the prize money is your entire return on
>>investment. If you develop a new launch system, it has other uses, and
>>the prize is just the icing on the cake.
>
>Unless you're Martin Marietta, since (as I recall) they bought out the GD
>line of aerospace products.
I think you've got an off-by-one error in your memory. :-) MM bought the
satellite-building side of GE. E, not D. MM and GD are still competitors.
>If MM/GD does it as an in-house project, their costs would look much better
>than buying at "list price."
Better, yes, but we're not talking order of magnitude. (Especially if you
want to use Titan IV, which belongs to the USAF, not MM.)
>... C'mon. Allen is telling us how cheap we can get improved this
>or that...
Sure, you can get a heavylift launcher fairly cheap if you do it privately
rather than as a gummint project. But we're still talking about something
that will cost nine digits per launch, unless you can guarantee a large
market to justify volume production.
--
SVR4 resembles a high-speed collision | Henry Spencer @ U of Toronto Zoology
between SVR3 and SunOS. - Dick Dunn | henry@zoo.toronto.edu utzoo!henry
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 93 23:48:10 GMT
From: "Eugene N. Miya" <eugene@wilbur.nas.nasa.gov>
Subject: Level 5?
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <1993Apr23.124759.1@fnalf.fnal.gov> higgins@fnalf.fnal.gov
(Bill Higgins-- Beam Jockey) writes:
>Will someone tell an ignorant physicist where the term "Level 5" comes
>from?
>
>But who is it that invents this standard, and how come
>everyone but me seems to be familiar with it?
The SEI. Software Engineering Institute, a DoD funded part of Carnegie Mellon
University. You can read about part of it in Ed Yourdon's The Decline and
Fall of the American Programmer (Yourdon Press).
Just passing thru.....
--eugene miya, NASA Ames Research Center, eugene@orville.nas.nasa.gov
Resident Cynic, Rock of Ages Home for Retired Hackers
{uunet,mailrus,other gateways}!ames!eugene
Second Favorite email message: Returned mail: Cannot send message for 3 days
A Ref: Mathematics and Plausible Reasoning, vol. 1, G. Polya
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 1993 23:26:03 GMT
From: "Phil G. Fraering" <pgf@srl03.cacs.usl.edu>
Subject: Lindbergh and the moon (was:Why not give $1G)
Newsgroups: sci.space
gnb@baby.bby.com.au (Gregory N. Bond) writes:
>In article <C5v9Lr.KxF@news.cso.uiuc.edu> jbh55289@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Josh Hopkins) writes:
> [re: voyages of discovery...]
> Could you give examples of privately funded ones?
>If you believe 1492 (the film), Columbus had substantial private
>funds. When Columbus asked the merchant why he put the money in, the
>guy said (slightly paraphrased) , "There is Faith, Hope and Charity.
>But greater than these is Banking."
>--
Heck, some of his ships were loaners. One was owned by a Basque...
(you know, one of those groups that probably crossed the Atlantic
_before_ Columbus came along).
>Gregory Bond <gnb@bby.com.au> Burdett Buckeridge & Young Ltd Melbourne Australia
> Knox's 386 is slick. Fox in Sox, on Knox's Box
> Knox's box is very quick. Plays lots of LSL. He's sick!
>(Apologies to John "Iron Bar" Mackin.)
--
Phil Fraering |"Seems like every day we find out all sorts of stuff.
pgf@srl02.cacs.usl.edu|Like how the ancient Mayans had televison." Repo Man
------------------------------
Date: 27 Apr 1993 21:20 UT
From: Ron Baalke <baalke@kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov>
Subject: Space Calendar - 04/27/93
Newsgroups: sci.space,sci.astro,sci.space.shuttle,alt.sci.planetary
The Space Calendar is updated monthly and the latest copy is available
at ames.arc.nasa.gov in the /pub/SPACE/FAQ. Please send any updates or
corrections to Ron Baalke (baalke@kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov). Note that launch
dates are subject to change.
The following person made contributions to this month's calendar:
o Dennis Newkirk - Soyuz TM-18 Launch Date (Dec 1993).
=========================
SPACE CALENDAR
April 27, 1993
=========================
* indicates change from last month's calendar
April 1993
* Apr 29 - Astra 1C Ariane Launch
May 1993
May ?? - Advanced Photovoltaic Electronics Experiment (APEX) Pegasus Launch
May ?? - Radcal Scout Launch
May ?? - GPS/PMQ Delta II Launch
* May ?? - Commercial Experiment Transporter (COMET) Conestoga Launch
* May 01 - Astronomy Day
* May 01-2 - Iapetus/Saturn Eclipse
May 04 - Galileo Enters Asteroid Belt Again
May 04 - Eta Aquarid Meteor Shower (Maximum: 21:00 UT, Solar Lon: 44.5 deg)
* May 13 - Air Force Titan 4 Launch
* May 18 - STS-57, Endeavour, European Retrievable Carrier (EURECA-1R)
* May 20 - 15th Anniversary, Pioneer Venus Orbiter Launch
May 21 - Partial Solar Eclipse, Visible from North America & Northern Europe
May 25 - Magellan, Aerobraking Begins
June 1993
Jun ?? - Temisat Meteor 2 Launch
Jun ?? - UHF-2 Atlas Launch
Jun ?? - NOAA-I Atlas Launch
Jun ?? - First Test Flight of the Delta Clipper (DC-X), Unmanned
Jun ?? - Hispasat 1B & Insat 2B Ariane Launch
Jun 04 - Lunar Eclipse, Visible from North America
Jun 14 - Sakigake, 2nd Earth Flyby (Japan)
Jun 22 - 15th Anniversary of Charon Discovery (Pluto's Moon) by Christy
Jun 30 - STS-51, Discovery, Advanced Communications Technology Satellite
July 1993
Jul ?? - MSTI-II Scout Launch
Jul ?? - Galaxy 4 Ariane Launch
Jul 01 - Soyuz Launch (Soviet)
Jul 08 - Soyuz Launch (Soviet)
Jul 14 - Soyuz TM-16 Landing (Soviet)
* Jul 20-21 - Iapetus/Saturn Eclipse
Jul 21 - Soyuz TM-17 Landing (Soviet)
Jul 28 - S. Delta Aquarid Meteor Shower (Maximum: 19:00 UT,
Solar Longitude 125.8 degrees)
Jul 29 - NASA's 35th Birthday
August 1993
Aug ?? - ETS-VI (Engineering Test Satellite) H2 Launch (Japan)
Aug ?? - GEOS-J Launch
Aug ?? - Landsat 6 Launch
Aug ?? - ORBCOM FDM Pegasus Launch
* Aug 08 - 15th Anniversary, Pioneer Venus 2 Launch (Atmospheric Probes)
Aug 09 - Mars Observer, 4th Trajectory Correction Maneuver (TCM-4)
Aug 12 - N. Delta Aquarids Meteor Shower (Maximum: 07:00 UT,
Solar Longitude 139.7 degrees)
Aug 12 - Perseid Meteor Shower (Maximum: 15:00 UT,
Solar Longitude 140.1 degrees)
Aug 24 - Mars Observer, Mars Orbit Insertion (MOI)
Aug 25 - STS-58, Columbia, Spacelab Life Sciences (SLS-2)
Aug 28 - Galileo, Asteroid Ida Flyby
September 1993
Sep ?? - SPOT-3 Ariane Launch
Sep ?? - Tubsat Launch
Sep ?? - Seastar Pegasus Launch
October 1993
Oct ?? - Intelsat 7 F1 Ariane Launch
Oct ?? - SLV-1 Pegasus Launch
Oct ?? - Telstar 4 Atlas Launch
Oct 01 - SeaWIFS Launch
Oct 22 - Orionid Meteor Shower (Maximum: 00:00 UT, Solar Longitude
208.7 degrees)
November 1993
Nov ?? - Solidaridad/MOP-3 Ariane Launch
Nov 03 - 20th Anniversary, Mariner 10 Launch (Mercury & Venus Flyby Mission)
Nov 03 - S. Taurid Meteor Shower
Nov 04 - Galileo Exits Asteroid Belt
Nov 06 - Mercury Transits Across the Sun, Visible from Asia, Australia, and
the South Pacific
* Nov 08 - Mars Observer, Mapping Orbit Established
Nov 10 - STS-60, Discovery, SPACEHAB-2
Nov 13 - Partial Solar Eclipse, Visible from Southern Hemisphere
Nov 15 - Wilhelm Herschel's 255th Birthday
Nov 17 - Leonids Meteor Shower (Maximum: 13:00 UT, Solar Longitude
235.3 degrees)
* Nov 22 - Mars Observer, Mapping Begins
Nov 28-29 - Total Lunar Eclipse, Visible from North America & South America
December 1993
Dec ?? - GOES-I Atlas Launch
Dec ?? - NATO 4B Delta Launch
Dec ?? - TOMS Pegasus Launch
Dec ?? - DirectTv 1 & Thiacom 1 Ariane Launch
Dec ?? - ISTP Wind Delta-2 Launch
Dec ?? - STEP-2 Pegasus Launch
* Dec ?? - Soyuz TM-18 Launch (Soviet)
Dec 02 - STS-61, Endeavour, Hubble Space Telescope Repair
Dec 04 - SPEKTR-R Launch (Soviet)
* Dec 05 - 20th Anniversary, Pioneer 10 Jupiter Flyby
Dec 08 - Mars Observer, Mars Equinox
Dec 14 - Geminids Meteor Shower (Maximum: 00:00 UT,
Solar Longitude 262.1 degrees)
Dec 20 - Mars Observer, Solar Conjunction Begins
Dec 23 - Ursids Meteor Shower (Maximum: 01:00 UT,
Solar Longitude 271.3 degrees)
January 1994
Jan 03 - Mars Observer, End of Solar Conjunction
Jan 24 - Clementine Titan IIG Launch (Lunar Orbiter, Asteroid Flyby Mission)
February 1994
Feb ?? - SFU Launch
Feb ?? - GMS-5 Launch
Feb 05 - 20th Anniversary, Mariner 10 Venus Flyby
Feb 08 - STS-62, Columbia, U.S. Microgravity Payload (USMP-2)
Feb 15 - Galileo's 430th Birthday
Feb 21 - Clementine, Lunar Orbit Insertion
Feb 25 - 25th Anniversary, Mariner 6 Launch (Mars Flyby Mission)
March 1994
Mar ?? - TC-2C Launch
Mar 05 - 15th Anniversary, Voyager 1 Jupiter flyby
Mar 14 - Albert Einstein's 115th Birthday
Mar 27 - 25th Anniversary, Mariner 7 Launch (Mars Flyby Mission)
Mar 29 - 20th Anniversary, Mariner 10, 1st Mercury Flyby
* Mar 31 - Galaxy 1R Delta 2 Launch
April 1994
* Apr ?? - Equator S Scout Launch
* Apr 04 - Mars Observer, Perihelion
* Apr 14 - STS-59, Atlantis, SRL-1
___ _____ ___
/_ /| /____/ \ /_ /| Ron Baalke | baalke@kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov
| | | | __ \ /| | | | Jet Propulsion Lab |
___| | | | |__) |/ | | |__ M/S 525-3684 Telos | The aweto from New Zealand
/___| | | | ___/ | |/__ /| Pasadena, CA 91109 | is part caterpillar and
|_____|/ |_|/ |_____|/ | part vegetable.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 1993 18:46:03 GMT
From: Henry Spencer <henry@zoo.toronto.edu>
Subject: temperature of the dark sky
Newsgroups: sci.astro,sci.space
Does anyone have a reference (something I can look up, not just your own
recollections -- I have a few of those myself) on the temperature of the
(night) sky as seen from space?
Note, I am *not* talking about the temperature of the Microwave Background
Radiation. There are more things in the sky than just the MBR; what I'm
after is total blackbody temperature -- what a thermal radiator would see,
disregarding (or shielding against) the Sun and nearby large warm objects.
My dim recollection is that the net effective temperature is substantially
higher than that of the MBR, once you figure in things like stars and the
zodiacal light, but I'd like numbers.
--
SVR4 resembles a high-speed collision | Henry Spencer @ U of Toronto Zoology
between SVR3 and SunOS. - Dick Dunn | henry@zoo.toronto.edu utzoo!henry
------------------------------
Date: 27 Apr 1993 21:13:29 GMT
From: Kurt Hillig <hillig@U.Chem.LSA.UMich.EDU>
Subject: temperature of the dark sky
Newsgroups: sci.astro,sci.space
In article <C65o4t.A7o@zoo.toronto.edu> henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes:
>Does anyone have a reference (something I can look up, not just your own
>recollections -- I have a few of those myself) on the temperature of the
>(night) sky as seen from space?
>
>Note, I am *not* talking about the temperature of the Microwave Background
>Radiation. There are more things in the sky than just the MBR; what I'm
>after is total blackbody temperature -- what a thermal radiator would see,
>disregarding (or shielding against) the Sun and nearby large warm objects.
>My dim recollection is that the net effective temperature is substantially
>higher than that of the MBR, once you figure in things like stars and the
>zodiacal light, but I'd like numbers.
>--
>SVR4 resembles a high-speed collision | Henry Spencer @ U of Toronto Zoology
>between SVR3 and SunOS. - Dick Dunn | henry@zoo.toronto.edu utzoo!henry
It's not quite what you were asking, but a few years ago I helped some EE
remote sensing people run some experiments on the microwave emmissivity of
ice; they used the sky for a background calibration source. They said that
from Earth's surface the sky looks like a 60K blackbody.
--
Dr. Kurt Hillig
Dept. of Chemistry I always tell the phone (313)747-2867
University of Michigan absolute truth X.500 khillig@umich.edu
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055 as I see it. hillig@chem.lsa.umich.edu
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 1993 22:48:58 GMT
From: TS Kelso <tkelso@afit.af.mil>
Subject: Two-Line Orbital Element Set: Space Shuttle
Newsgroups: sci.space
The most current orbital elements from the NORAD two-line element sets are
carried on the Celestial BBS, (513) 427-0674, and are updated daily (when
possible). Documentation and tracking software are also available on this
system. As a service to the satellite user community, the most current
elements for the current shuttle mission are provided below. The Celestial
BBS may be accessed 24 hours/day at 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, or 9600 bps using
8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity.
Element sets (also updated daily), shuttle elements, and some documentation
and software are also available via anonymous ftp from archive.afit.af.mil
(129.92.1.66) in the directory pub/space.
STS 55
1 22640U 93 27 A 93117.24999999 .00043819 00000-0 13174-3 0 47
2 22640 28.4694 264.3224 0004988 261.3916 194.3250 15.90699957 104
--
Dr TS Kelso Assistant Professor of Space Operations
tkelso@afit.af.mil Air Force Institute of Technology
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 1993 17:49:52 GMT
From: Doug Loss <loss@fs7.ECE.CMU.EDU>
Subject: Vandalizing the sky.
Newsgroups: sci.astro,sci.space
I didn't want to quote all the stuff that's been said recently, I
just wanted to add a point.
The whole question of "a right to a dark sky" revolves around the
definition of a right. Moral rights and natural rights are all well and
good, but as far as I can see, a right is whatever you or someone
representing you can enforce. In most civilizations, the government or
the church (or both) defines what the rights of the citizens are, and
then enforces those rights for them. Here in the U.S., the constitution
provides a "Bill of Rights" from which most if not all legal rights are
considered to derive. I'm sure that most other countries have
comparable documents. If you can persuade a court that you have a right
to a dark sky derived in some manner from the Bill of Rights (in the
U.S.), you can prevent (maybe) these billboards from being launched. To
keep anyone in the world from launching then gets into international law
and the International Court of Justice (correct name?) in the Hague,
something I know little about.
Doug Loss
loss@husky.bloomu.edu
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 1993 18:57:21 GMT
From: Thomas Clarke <clarke@acme.ucf.edu>
Subject: Vandalizing the sky.
Newsgroups: sci.space
Come on, this is sci.space. An orbital billboard won't
do any permanent damage; in a few years it will reenter
and probably hit Los Angles anyway :-)
The boost to space commerce orbital advertising might
provide might speed the day it is possible for those with a
yen for dark skies to get some really dark skies beyond
the dust producing the zodiacal light.
Now, if they wanted to paint the CocaCola symbol on the
moon in lampblack, that would give me pause. It would
be very difficult to reverse such a widespread application
of pigments.
--
Thomas Clarke
Institute for Simulation and Training, University of Central FL
12424 Research Parkway, Suite 300, Orlando, FL 32826
(407)658-5030, FAX: (407)658-5059, clarke@acme.ucf.edu
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 1993 21:01:49 GMT
From: Henry Spencer <henry@zoo.toronto.edu>
Subject: Vandalizing the sky.
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <1993Apr27.185721.15511@cs.ucf.edu> clarke@acme.ucf.edu (Thomas Clarke) writes:
>Now, if they wanted to paint the CocaCola symbol on the
>moon in lampblack, that would give me pause...
Wouldn't bother me. I'd laugh. It wouldn't work -- the surface of the
Moon is *already* pretty dark, and the contrast would be so poor you
couldn't possibly see it. The only reason the Moon looks bright is that
it's in bright sunlight against an otherwise-dark sky. Evidently Heinlein
didn't know that...
--
SVR4 resembles a high-speed collision | Henry Spencer @ U of Toronto Zoology
between SVR3 and SunOS. - Dick Dunn | henry@zoo.toronto.edu utzoo!henry
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 1993 22:46:22 GMT
From: hathaway@stsci.edu
Subject: Vandalizing the sky.
Newsgroups: sci.astro,sci.space
In article <C65LJ5.5Az@fs7.ece.cmu.edu>, loss@fs7.ECE.CMU.EDU (Doug Loss) writes:
> I didn't want to quote all the stuff that's been said recently, I
> just wanted to add a point.
>
..
> then enforces those rights for them. Here in the U.S., the constitution
> provides a "Bill of Rights" from which most if not all legal rights are
> considered to derive. I'm sure that most other countries have
These seem hardly like the groups to discuss this in, but HUH???
All legitimate power to enforce these rights derives from the consent
of the governed, not from no steenkin' piece of paper. Civilized gov'mnt
is not an autonomous computer program, it's interactive. The Constitution
was made by the people and can be trashed by us - it ain't no sacred
scripture from which rights flow. Our 'rights' come from our souls.
And I sure didn't see any request to vote on trashing the sky.
Again - my opinion only - we keep our rights by using them, not going to
some court.
> comparable documents. If you can persuade a court that you have a right
> to a dark sky derived in some manner from the Bill of Rights (in the
> U.S.), you can prevent (maybe) these billboards from being launched. To
> keep anyone in the world from launching then gets into international law
> and the International Court of Justice (correct name?) in the Hague,
> something I know little about.
>
> Doug Loss
> loss@husky.bloomu.edu
Most gracious regards,
WHH
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 26 Apr 1993 16:32:38 GMT
From: Marvin Batty <djf@cck.coventry.ac.uk>
Subject: What counntries do space surveillance?
Newsgroups: sci.space
The European Space Agency has involvement with remote earth
observation, and I presume this includes surveillance (optical etc.).
So it's not just the US/USSR(ex) who are in the game.
But what *is* the game? What can be done with space observation?
The military functions of missile spotting, troop spotting etc. are well
documented, but what about anything else?
The biggest eg I can think of is to get a metal sensing sat over a
paying country and scan their territory for precious metals.
More importantly, if radar can spot water vapour (clouds), presumably
a radar based sat will be capable of spotting rivers,open water and
*underground water* from space. This would be a positive life saver
for African or other drought affected countries. Implementing a
clean water and irrigation program would be of imense benifit to such
countries and should cut down mortalities considerably.
So how about it? Is there a charity or government agency that would
pay for a third world country to have their minerals and water deposits
mapped?
Or is this still sci-fi?
Mail replies would be great.
Thought for the day: Thermal energy needs water to make steam so sstick
it in the ocean!
--
****************************************************************************
Marvin Batty - djf@uk.ac.cov.cck
"And they shall not find those things, with a sort of rafia like base,
that their fathers put there just the night before. At about 8 O'clock!"
------------------------------
Date: 27 Apr 93 20:48:50 GMT
From: games@max.u.washington.edu
Subject: Words from the Chairman of Boeing on SSTO type stuff
Newsgroups: sci.space
Yesterday, I went to the Boeing shareholders meeting. It was a bit shorter
than I expected. Last year (when the stock was first down), they made a big
presentation on the 777, and other programs. This year, it was much more
bare-bones.
In any case, I wanted to ask a question that the board of directors would
hear, and so I got there early, and figured that If I didn't get to the mike,
maybe they would read mine off of a card, and so I wrote it down, and handed it
in.
After the meeting started, Mr. Shrontz said that he would only answer written
questions, in order to be fair to the people in the overflow room that only
had monitors downstairs. Naturally, I was crushed.
So, when question and answer time came, I was suprised to find my question
being read and answered. Admittedly near the end of the ones that he took.
Presumably getting there early, and getting the question in early made all
the difference.
So, on to the substance. The question was
Is Boeing looking at anything BEYOND the high speed Civil Transport, such
as a commercial space launch system, and if not, how will Boeing compete
with the reusable single stage to orbit technology presently being developed
by Mcdonnell Douglass?
Well, he read it without a hitch, and without editing, with impressed me,
then he answered it very quickly treating it as a two part question, last
part first.
This is to the best of my recollection what he said.
As far as single stage to orbit technology, we think that we have a better
answer in a two stage approach, and we are talking to some of our customers
about that. As far as commercialization, that is a long ways off. The High
speed Civil Transport is about as far out as our commercial planning goes at
this point.
So, this tells me that Boeing still considers space to be a non-commercial
arena, and for the most part this is true, however it also tells me that
they consider there to be enough money in building space launchers for them
to persue work on their own.
Now, I do have a friend on the spacelifter program at boeing. Actually,
this is a mis-nomer, as there is no spacelifter contract for the work that this
guy is doing, however, he is doing work in preparation of a proposal for space
lifter contracts. He won't tell me what he is doing, but maybe this is where
the TSTO action is taking place at boeing. At the very minimum, the chairman
of the board of boeing said that they have an approach in mind, and they are
trying to do something with it.
Anybody know anything further?
Is this really news?
Does this threaten further work on DC-? ?
John.
------------------------------
From: Mark Littlefield <mll@aio.jsc.nasa.gov>
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: Re: What counntries do space surveillance?
Message-Id: <1993Apr27.172745.28123@aio.jsc.nasa.gov>
Sender: USENET News Client <usenet@aio.jsc.nasa.gov>
Reply-To: mll@aio.jsc.nasa.gov
Organization: Lockheed ESC/NASA JSC
References: <15657.2bd7de55@cpva.saic.com>
Date: Tue, 27 Apr 1993 17:27:45 GMT
Lines: 32
Source-Info: Sender is really news@CRABAPPLE.SRV.CS.CMU.EDU
Source-Info: Sender is really isu@VACATION.VENARI.CS.CMU.EDU
In article <15657.2bd7de55@cpva.saic.com>, thomsonal@cpva.saic.com writes:
[ stuff deleted ]
|>
|>
|> This leads to the more general question: do yet other people than
|> the US, Russia, and Japan do space surveillance, and if so, how and
|> why?
|>
|> Allen Thomson SAIC McLean, VA, USA
The French SPOT is an example that comes to mind. Although the
company (name escapes me at the moment) sells images world-wide, you
can bet your last dollar (franc??) that the French gov't gets first
dibs.
I remember a few years ago (about the time SPOT was launched), I
was speaking to my Dad (an USAF officer) about this and that, and I
happend to mention SPOT (I think we were talking about technology
utilization). He just about went ballistic. He wanted to know how I
knew about SPOT and just what I knew. I guess that space surveillance
is such a sensitive topic in the Air Force that he couldn't believe
that I would read about such a system in the popular press (ie. AV week).
mark,
--
=====================================================================
Mark L. Littlefield Intelligent Systems Department
internet: mll@aio.jsc.nasa.gov
USsnail: Lockheed Engineering and Sciences
2400 Nasa Rd 1 / MC C-19
Houston, TX 77058-3711
====================================================================
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End of Space Digest Volume 16 : Issue 498
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